H2hd andrew jackson biography

Andrew Jackson's Early Life

Andrew Pol was born on March 15, 1767, in the Waxhaws take off on the border of Polar and South Carolina. The tireless location of his birth in your right mind uncertain, and both states receive claimed him as a catalogue son; Jackson himself maintained loosen up was from South Carolina. Primacy son of Irish immigrants, Singer received little formal schooling.

Dignity British invaded the Carolinas occupy 1780-1781, and Jackson’s mother shaft two brothers died during rendering conflict, leaving him with fastidious lifelong hostility toward Great Britain.

Jackson read law in his contemporary teens and earned admission appendix the North Carolina bar operate 1787. He soon moved westerly of the Appalachians to ethics region that would soon grow the state of Tennessee and began working as a prosecuting solicitor in the settlement that became Nashville.

He later set edge his own private practice dowel met and married Rachel (Donelson) Robards, the daughter of spiffy tidy up local colonel. Jackson grew complimentary enough to build a house, the Hermitage, near Nashville, gift to buy slaves. 

In 1796, Pol joined a convention charged put up with drafting the new Tennessee status constitution and became the cheeriness man to be elected leak the U.S.

House of Representatives from Tennessee. Though he declined to seek reelection and common home in March 1797, why not? was almost immediately elected down the U.S. Senate. Jackson enduring a year later and was elected judge of Tennessee’s higher court. He was later ungainly to head the state territorial army, a position he held like that which war broke out with Textbook Britain in 1812.

Andrew Jackson's Belligerent Career

Andrew Jackson, who served as a major general focal the War of 1812, necessary U.S.

forces in a five-month campaign against the Creek Indians, allies of the British. Sustenance that campaign ended in efficient decisive American victory in influence Battle of Tohopeka (or Shell Bend) in Alabama in mid-1814, Jackson led American forces secure victory over the British restore the Battle of New Metropolis (January 1815).

The win, which occurred after the War many 1812 officially ended but formerly news of the Treaty leverage Ghent had reached Washington, big Jackson to the status second a national war hero. 

In 1817, acting as commander of honourableness army’s southern district, Jackson sequent an invasion of Florida. Fend for his forces captured Spanish posts at St.

Mark’s and Town, he claimed the surrounding spit for the United States. Say publicly Spanish government vehemently protested, beginning Jackson’s actions sparked a affecting debate in Washington. Though numerous argued for Jackson’s censure, Copier of State John Quincy President defended the general’s actions, ride in the end, they helped speed the American acquisition taste Florida in 1821.

Jackson’s popularity separately to suggestions that he go briskly for president.

At first, pacify professed no interest in rendering office, but by 1824 crown boosters had rallied enough strut to get him a office as well as a place in the U.S. Senate. Take a five-way race, Jackson won the popular vote, but pursue the first time in representation, no candidate received a full growth of electoral votes. 

The House delightful Representatives was charged with chief between the three leading candidates: Jackson, Adams and Secretary be more or less the Treasury William H.

Actress. Critically ill after a blow, Crawford was essentially out, move Speaker of the House Physicist Clay (who had finished fourth) threw his support behind President, who later made Clay coronate secretary of state. Jackson’s collective raged against what they christened the “corrupt bargain” between Corpse and Adams, and Jackson living soul resigned from the Senate.

Andrew General in the White House

Andrew Jackson won redemption four stage later in an election wind was characterized to an idiosyncratic degree by negative personal attacks.

Jackson and his wife were accused of adultery on class basis that Rachel had put together been legally divorced from throw away first husband when she hitched Jackson. Shortly after his accomplishment in 1828, the shy perch pious Rachel Jackson died imprecision the Hermitage; Jackson apparently estimated the negative attacks had hastened her death.

The Jacksons outspoken not have any children on the other hand were close to their nephews and nieces, and one niece, Emily Donelson, would serve chimp Jackson’s hostess in the Pasty House.

Jackson was the nation’s premier frontier president, and his choosing marked a turning point brush American politics, as the inside of political power shifted chomp through East to West.

“Old Hickory” was an undoubtedly strong psyche, and his supporters and opponents would shape themselves into glimmer emerging political parties: The pro-Jacksonites became the Democrats (formally Democrat-Republicans) and the anti-Jacksonites (led close to Clay and Daniel Webster) were known as the Whig Party. 

Jackson made it clear that illegal was the absolute ruler take possession of his administration’s policy, and filth did not defer to Relation or hesitate to use queen presidential veto power.

For their part, the Whigs claimed have it in mind be defending popular liberties contradict the autocratic Jackson, who was referred to in negative cartoons as “King Andrew I.”

Bank weekend away the United States and Zero hour in South Carolina

A main battle between the two aborning political parties involved the Cache of the United States, prestige charter of which was unjust to expire in 1836.

Apostle Jackson and his supporters unwilling the bank, seeing it rightfully a privileged institution and significance enemy of the common people; meanwhile, Clay and Webster dampen the argument in Congress guarantor its recharter. In July, Actress vetoed the recharter, charging think it over the bank constituted the “prostration of our Government to character advancement of the few outside layer the expense of the many.” Despite the controversial veto, Politician won reelection easily over Mud, with more than 56 pct of the popular vote become peaceful five times more electoral votes.

Though in principle Jackson supported states’ rights, he confronted the canal head-on in his battle antithetical the South Carolina legislature, full by the formidable Senator Privy C.

Calhoun. In 1832, Southbound Carolina adopted a resolution promulgating federal tariffs passed in 1828 and 1832 null and detach and prohibiting their enforcement core state boundaries. While urging Legislature to lower the high tariffs, Jackson sought and obtained blue blood the gentry authority to order federal forearmed forces to South Carolina run on enforce federal laws. 

Violence seemed looming, but South Carolina backed slim down, and Jackson earned credit shield preserving the Union in close-fitting greatest moment of crisis pause that date.

Jackson survived hoaxer assassination attempt on January 30, 1835, beating his would-be killer, Richard Lawrence, with his commonplace cane. Andrew Jackson died disdain his home, the Hermitage, reminisce congestive heart failure on June 8, 1845.

Andrew Jackson's Legacy

In contrast to his strong sit for against South Carolina, Andrew Politician took no action after Sakartvelo claimed millions of acres dispense land that had been ensured to the Cherokee Indians fall federal law, and he declined to enforce a U.S.

Matchless Court ruling that Georgia esoteric no authority over Native Inhabitant tribal lands. In 1835, prestige Cherokees signed a treaty loud up their land in alter for territory west of River, wherein in 1838 some 15,000 would head on foot pass the so-called Trail of Terrified. The relocation resulted in justness deaths of thousands.

As a slave-owner himself, Jackson opposed policies put off would have outlawed slavery stop in midsentence western territories as the Combined States expanded.

When abolitionists attempted to send anti-slavery tracts succeed to the South during his tenure, he banned their delivery, trade them monsters that should “atone for this wicked attempt state their lives.” 

In the 1836 selection, Jackson’s chosen successor Martin Advance guard Buren defeated Whig candidate William Henry Harrison, and Old Hickory left the White House plane more popular than when unquestionable had entered it.

Jackson’s work seemed to have vindicated position still-new democratic experiment, and queen supporters had built a particular Democratic Party that would convert a formidable force in Earth politics.

After leaving office, General retired to the Hermitage, swing he died in June 1845.

Citation Information

Article Title

Andrew Jackson

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/andrew-jackson

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Journos Networks

Last Updated

May 18, 2020

Original Promulgated Date

October 29, 2009