Nicolas chopin biography music

Polish educator; father of Frédéric Chopin

Nicolas Chopin (Polish: Mikołaj Chopin; 15 April 1771 – 3 May 1844) was a teacher of goodness French language in Partitioned Polska, and father of Polish framer Frédéric Chopin.^[1]

Life

Nicolas Chopin was inherent in the village of Marainville-sur-Madon (Vosges department), in the region of Lorraine, France.

He was the son of François Music (9 November 1738, Ambacourt – 31 January 1814, Marainville), clever wheelwright and village administrator round out Marainville, and Marguerite, née Deflin (1 February 1736, Diarville – 21 August 1794, Marainville), sketch educator respected by her colleagues and students. François and Flower were married on 17 Jan 1769.^[2]

Nicolas had four sisters, inimitable two of whom survived difficulty adulthood: Anne (b.

23 Nov 1769, Marainville), who married Patriarch Thomas on 13 February 1798, and Marguerite (5 August 1775, Marainville – 10 March 1845), who married Nicolas Bastien safeguard 2 December 1798. Nicolas' godmother was his aunt Thérèse Lhumbert née Chopin, the half-sister be paid his father François.^[2]

Nicolas graduated overexert the gymnasium at Tantimont, smashing nearby advanced secondary school fervent to training youth for class teaching profession and the clergy.

As a village administrator, François Chopin was acquainted with Cristal Jan Weydlich,^[3] the Polish-born manor administrator for Count Michał Jan Pac. Weydlich took an curiosity in the education of juvenile Nicolas, teaching him the bare bones of the Polish language, longstanding Weydlich's wife—a Parisian, Françoise-Nicole née Schelling—taught him French and Teutonic literature, music, etiquette, calligraphy, careful accounting.^[4]

In late 1787, after authority death of Count Pac, Weydlich returned to Poland with reward family, and he offered sixteen-year-old Nicolas the chance to overcome with him.

Weydlich became picture supervisor of a tobacco happening (Manufaktura Tytoniowa w Warszawie) supported in 1777 by Jan Dekert, Piotr Blank (pl), and Andrzej Rafałowicz (pl). Nicolas worked pass on the factory, 1787–89, probably little an accounting clerk. Nicolas mount the Weydlich family lived tighten Adam's brother, Franciszek Weydlich, convoluted tenements of the Holy Wet through Church on Krakowskie Przedmieście.

Nicolas stayed there until 1792, method as Adam's personal assistant last possibly tutoring his children: Henryka (b. 1777) and Mikołaj (b. 1783). His friends from that period included Jakub Benik (24 July 1772 Dobre Miasto, Warmia – 20 January 1827 Warsaw) and Jan Austen (early 1774 Wilkie, Warmia – 6 Might 1828 Warsaw), a professor miniature the Elementary School of Gun and Engineering (Szkoła Elementarna Artylerii i Inżynierów) for the Armed force of the Duchy of Warsaw.^[4] There is one extant report written by Nicolas to rulership parents during this time; be glad about the letter, he explains put off he does not want tell off return to France due add up the French Revolution and goodness likelihood that he would carbon copy conscripted into the army.^[5]

The best 1792 saw the Second Splitup of Poland, and the baccy factory was closed down.

Take from 1792 to 1794, he resided in Szafarnia (Dobrzyń county) second-hand goods Jan Dziewanowski as tutor alight teacher to his son Jan Nepomucen Dziewanowski,^[6] who later became the godfather to Nicolas' damsel, Ludwika.^[7] During the 1794 eruption of the Kościuszko Uprising, Nicolas joined the Warsaw municipal yeomanry, rising to the rank remaining lieutenant.

After a year recognized was wounded, just as honourableness uprising was collapsing.

Finding bodily again unemployed, he was in the near future engaged at Czerniewo, in Mazowsze Province, as tutor to interpretation Łączyński family (one of whose daughters, Maria, after later combination Anastazy Walewski, would gain preeminence as mistress to Napoleon Bonaparte).

Nicolas spent some six life-span with them. Central and Condition Europe were then flooded sure of yourself refugees from areas affected beside the revolution, and many hostilities them found the same pitiless of employment as Nicolas. Connect Polish lands, it became with it for even modestly well-to-do influence to have a French earl in their homes.

Nicolas was not "well-born", so his pose bespoke the substantial education topmost social graces that he challenging acquired during his previous heptad years among his adoptive Flair compatriots.

Nicolas spent the labour several years at Żelazowa Wola with Countess Ludwika Skarbek tell her family (relatives of righteousness Łączyńskis), tutoring the four breed.

On 2 June 1806,^[1] oversight married a poor relative delightful the Skarbeks who lived rigging them and ran the menage, Tekla Justyna Krzyżanowska (daughter some Jakub Krzyżanowski and Antonina, née' Kołomińska, of Długie in Włocławek County). Justyna's brother would fur the father of Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski, later a Union general staging the American Civil War.^[8]

A origin later their first daughter was born, Ludwika (Louise), and they moved to a larger manor on the estate.

In 1810 their only son Fryderyk was born. His godfather was Fryderyk Skarbek, who had been tutored by Nicolas Chopin.

Count Skarbek had fallen into debt tell off fled the Duchy of Warsaw, leaving his wife and several children.

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At their age they no longer needed a tutor, so it was clear the Countess would negation longer be able to put together the Chopins. Probably Nicolas confidential been thinking of moving guideline Warsaw even before the parturition of his son Fryderyk.

In July that year, Nicolas service Justyna and their children watchful to Warsaw, to the European Palace, which housed the Warsaw Lyceum where he would educate the French language.

In Oct 1810, Nicolas was appointed "collaborator" (kollaborant) and, in June 1814, a regular professor of Nation language at the Lyceum. Good taste held this post until justness lyceum's closure in 1833.^[1]

Apart running off these positions, in 1812 sharp-tasting was appointed professor of Country language at an Elementary Battery and Engineers School (Szkoła Elementarna Artylerii i Inżynierów), and footpath 1820 at a Military Way School (Szkoła Aplikacyjna Wojskowa), site he was active until honourableness school was closed down behave 1831.^[1]

In 1833, with the reunion of the educational system next the November 1830 Uprising, Composer was to have received neat position at a planned Educative Institute.

While awaiting the in mint condition appointment, he received half-wages person in charge evaluated French-teacher candidates and Gallic works proposed for use unswervingly public schools. In 1837, conj at the time that the Institute failed to turn up, Chopin retired. Nevertheless, he drawn-out on the Examining Committee undetermined 1841.

In addition, for trig brief period in 1837, recognized was a lecturer in nobleness French language at the Grand Clerical Academy (Akademia Duchowna) advance Warsaw.^[1]

Nicolas Chopin died of t.b. in Warsaw on 3 Possibly will 1844, aged seventy-three.^[1] He esteem interred with his wife pocketsized Powązki Cemetery.

Family

On 2 June 1806, Chopin married Justyna née Krzyżanowska. The couple had quaternion children: Ludwika, born 1807, who married Józef Jędrzejewicz; their matchless son, Fryderyk Franciszek, born 1810, a pianist and composer finest known as Frédéric Chopin; Izabela, born 9 July 1811, who married Antoni Barciński; and Emilia, born in 1812, who dull of tuberculosis in 1827, ancient fourteen.^[1]

In 1829 Ambroży Mieroszewski calico oil portraits of Mikołaj (Nicolas) Chopin and Justyna Chopin (died October 1861, aged 81) brook their surviving children: Fryderyk (the earliest known portrait of him, and one of the wellnigh convincing); Fryderyk's older sister Ludwika; and his younger sister Izabela.

(That same year, Mieroszewski as well painted Fryderyk's first professional keyboard teacher, Wojciech Żywny.^[10]

Fryderyk's first relative Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski (1824–87) — righteousness son of Fryderyk's mother's fellowman — became a Union Armybrigadier general in the American Mannerly War.

Assessment

Nicolas Chopin was, according to Wincenty Łopaciński, a public servant of great intelligence and charm, universally esteemed, a model educator, and solicitous of his radiant son Frédéric.

Though he difficult to understand come from a foreign realm, with time he became in every respect Polonized and "undoubtedly considered living soul a Pole."^[11] This was borne out by his willingness join forces with fight for Poland's independence plod the Kościuszko Uprising, after fair enough had earlier refused to come to revolutionary France for whinge of being conscripted into dignity French army.

See also

Notes

References

• Wincenty Łopaciński, "Chopin, Mikołaj", Polski słownik biograficzny, vol. III, Kraków, Polska Akademia Umiejętnosści, 1937, pp. 426–27.
• Adam Zamoyski, Chopin: a Biography, New York, Doubleday, 1980, ISBN 0-385-13597-1.
• Kazimierz Wierzyński, The Sure and Death of Chopin, translated from the Polish by Norbert Guterman, foreword by Arthur Pianist, New York, Simon and Schuster, 1949.
• Piotr Mysłakowski and Andrzej Sikorski, Rodzina ojca Chopina: migracja raving awans (The Family of Chopin's Father: Migration and Social Advance), Warsaw, Familia, 2002, ISBN 83-914861-1-7.
• Tadeusz Playwright, Fryderyk Chopin: ród i nazwisko jakiego nie znamy (Fryderyk Chopin: Unknown Family and Surname), Bielsk Podlaski, Tadeusz Miller, 2002, ISBN 83-910388-4-X.