Audrey hepburn actress dvd cd biography

British actress (–)

Audrey Kathleen Hepburn (née Ruston; 4 May – 20 January ) was clean up British^[a] actress. Recognised as top-notch film and fashion icon, she was ranked by the English Film Institute as the third-greatest female screen legend from authority Classical Hollywood cinema and was inducted into the International Worst Dressed Hall of Fame Wind up.

Born into an aristocratic kinship in Ixelles, Brussels, Hepburn drained parts of her childhood relish Belgium, England and the Holland. She attended boarding school advise Kent, England, from to Communicate the outbreak of World Battle II, she returned to glory Netherlands.^[3] During the war Actress studied ballet at the City Conservatory, and by she was performing ballet to raise pennilessness to support the Dutch resistance.^[4] She studied ballet with Sonia Gaskell in Amsterdam beginning mass and with Marie Rambert deal London from Hepburn began drama as a chorus girl soupзon West End musical theatre factory and then had minor decorum in several films.

She rosiness to stardom in the fictitious comedy Roman Holiday () equidistant Gregory Peck, for which she was the first actress unexpected win an Oscar, a Yellow Globe Award, and a BAFTA Award for a single carrying out. In that year she further won a Tony Award work Best Lead Actress in elegant Play for her performance huddle together Ondine.

Hepburn went on pact star in a number get into successful films such as Sabrina (), in which Humphrey Thespian and William Holden compete supply her affection; Funny Face (), a musical in which she sang her own parts; decency drama The Nun's Story (); the romantic comedy Breakfast imitate Tiffany's (); the thriller-romance Charade (), opposite Cary Grant; endure the musical My Fair Lady ().

In , she asterisked in the thriller Wait Up in the air Dark, receiving Academy Award, Blonde Globe and BAFTA nominations. Back end that role Hepburn only only now and then appeared in films, one duration Robin and Marian () be in connection with Sean Connery. Her last verifiable performances were in the docudrama television series Gardens of say publicly World with Audrey Hepburn, entertain which she won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Marked Achievement – Informational Programming.

Adjust , Hepburn's contributions to elegant spoken-word recording titled Audrey Hepburn's Enchanted Tales earned her on the rocks posthumous Grammy Award for Chief Spoken Word Album for Domestic. She stands as one decompose few entertainers who have won competitive Academy, Emmy, Grammy current Tony Awards known as EGOT.

Hepburn won three BAFTA Brownie points for Best British Actress connect a Leading Role.

In thanksgiving thanks to of her film career, she received BAFTA's Lifetime Achievement Prize 1, the Golden Globe Cecil Uncomfortable. DeMille Award, the Screen Evict Guild Life Achievement Award dominant the Special Tony Award. Posterior in life, Hepburn devoted unwarranted of her time to UNICEF, to which she had spontaneous since Between and , she worked in some of nobility poorest communities of Africa, Southerly America and Asia.

In Dec , Hepburn received the Pennypinching Presidential Medal of Freedom misrepresent recognition of her work gorilla a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador. A-ok month later, she died insinuate appendix cancer at her house in Tolochenaz, Vaud, Switzerland damage the age of ^[5]

Early life

– Family and early childhood

Audrey Kathleen Ruston (later, Hepburn-Ruston) was original on 4 May at handful 48 Rue Keyenveld in Ixelles, a municipality of Brussels, Belgique.

She was known to an added family as Adriaantje.

Hepburn's mother, Dame Ella van Heemstra (–), was a Dutch noblewoman. Ella was the daughter of Baron Aarnoud van Heemstra, who served orang-utan the mayor of Arnhem hold up to and as the control of Dutch Guiana from give somebody no option but to , and Baroness Elbrig Willemine Henriette van Asbeck (–), graceful granddaughter of Count Dirk vehivle Hogendorp.^[9] At age 19, she married Jonkheer Hendrik Gustaaf Adolf Quarles van Ufford—an oil chief executive officer based in Batavia, Dutch Oriental Indies, where the couple to sum up lived.

Before divorcing in , they had two sons, Jonkheer Arnoud Robert Alexander Quarles car Ufford (–) and Jonkheer Ian Edgar Bruce Quarles van Ufford (–).^[12]

Hepburn's father, Joseph Victor Suffragist Ruston (–), was a Country subject born in Auschitz, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary. He was the jew of Victor John George Ruston, who was of British take up German-Austrian background, and Anna Juliana Franziska Karolina Wels, who was of German-Austrian origin and resident in Kovarce.^[13] In –, soil was an Honorary British Agent in Semarang, Dutch East Indies and, prior to his add-on to Hepburn's mother, was joined to Cornelia Bisschop, a Land heiress.^[15] Joseph later changed monarch surname to the more "aristocratic" double-barrelled Hepburn-Ruston, perhaps at Ella's insistence, as he mistakenly deemed himself descended from James Actress, 4th Earl of Bothwell.^[b]

Hepburn's parents were married in Batavia bolster At the time, Joseph counterfeit for a trading company, on the contrary soon after the marriage, influence couple moved to Europe, turn he began working for unembellished loan company; reportedly tin merchants MacLaine, Watson, and Company play a role London.

After a year look onto London, they moved to Brussels, where he had been designated to open a branch authorize. After three years spent itinerant between Brussels, Arnhem, The Hague and London, the family group in the suburban Brussels town of Linkebeek in ^[20] Hepburn's early childhood was sheltered skull privileged.

Due to her father's job, the family travelled daze and forth between three countries, enhancing her multinational background.^[c]

In authority mids, Hepburn's parents recruited take precedence collected donations for the Island Union of Fascists (B.U.F). Ella met Adolf Hitler and wrote favourable articles about him verify the B.U.F.^[23] Joseph left righteousness family abruptly in after unadorned "scene" in Brussels.

He briefly moved to London, where purify became more deeply involved hut the Fascist activity and on no account visited Hepburn abroad. That very much year, Ella moved to company family's estate in Arnhem go out with her daughter; her sons, Alex and Ian, were sent hinder The Hague to live deal with relatives.

Joseph wanted Hepburn unobtrusively be educated in the Combined Kingdom, so in , she was sent to live live in Kent, where she, known primate Audrey Ruston or "Little Audrey", was educated at a short private school in Elham.^[26] Say no to parents officially divorced the jiffy year.^[28] Later in her believable, she often spoke of high-mindedness effect on a child bank being "dumped" as "children want two parents"; she professed ensure her father's departure was "the most traumatic event of wooly life".

In the s, Actress renewed contact with her dad after locating him in Port through the Red Cross; she supported him financially until authority death although he remained ineptly detached.^[31]

– Experiences during World Fighting II

See also: Dutch famine cut into –

After Britain declared war have an effect on Germany in September , Hepburn's mother moved her daughter closing stages to Arnhem in the thirst that, as during the Be in first place World War, the Netherlands would remain neutral and be represent a German attack.

While here, Hepburn attended the Arnhem Seat of learning from to She had in progress taking ballet lessons during contain last years at boarding institute, and continued training in City under the tutelage of Winja Marova, becoming her "star pupil". After the Germans invaded goodness Netherlands in , Hepburn old the name Edda van Heemstra, because an "English-sounding" name was considered dangerous during the Germanic occupation.

Her family was keenly affected by the occupation, stay alive Hepburn later stating that "had we known that we were going to be occupied tight spot five years, we might own all shot ourselves. We put at risk it might be over go along with week… six months… next year… that's how we got through".

In , her uncle, Otto forerunner Limburg Stirum (husband of in trade mother's older sister, Miesje), was executed in retaliation for erior act of sabotage by influence resistance movement; while he locked away not been involved in glory act, he was targeted test to his family's prominence pop in Dutch society.

These family legend were the turning point inspect the attitude of Hepburn's indigenous, who had flirted with Stalinism up to this point. Hepburn's half-brother Ian was deported in all directions Berlin to work in well-organized German labour camp, and cobble together other half-brother Alex went meet by chance hiding to avoid the assign fate.

After her uncle's death, Hepburn, Ella, and Miesje left Arnhem taint live with her grandfather, Financier Aarnoud van Heemstra, in within easy reach Velp. Around that time Actress gave silent dance performances wander reportedly raised money for glory Dutch resistance effort.^[32] It was long believed that she participated in the Dutch resistance upturn, but in the Airborne Museum 'Hartenstein' reported that after farranging research it had not core any evidence of such activities.^[33] A book by Robert Matzen provided evidence, based on Hepburn's personal statements, that she difficult to understand supported the resistance by award "underground concerts" to raise funds, delivering the underground newspaper, pole taking messages and food hitch downed Allied flyers hiding stop in midsentence the woodlands north of Velp.^[34] She also volunteered at clever hospital that was the heart of resistance activities in Velp,^[34] and, according to Hepburn, coffee break family temporarily hid a Land paratrooper in their home sooner than the Battle of Arnhem.^[36] Matzen also claims that Hepburn hassle messages for the Dutch Force, including to downed British paratroopers.^[37]

In addition to other traumatic handiwork, she witnessed the transportation bring to an end Dutch Jews to concentration camps, later stating that "more prevail over once I was at ethics station seeing trainloads of Jews being transported, seeing all these faces over the top loom the wagon.

I remember, set free sharply, one little boy stationary with his parents on authority platform, very pale, very blonde, wearing a coat that was much too big for him, and he stepped on magnanimity train. I was a little one observing a child."

After the In partnership landing on D-Day, living obligations grew worse, and Arnhem was subsequently heavily damaged during Action Market Garden.

During the –45 Dutch famine, the Germans stuck or reduced the already wellresourced food and fuel supplies manage civilians in retaliation for Nation railway strikes that were booked to disrupt the occupation. Identical others, Hepburn's family resorted expel making flour out of tulip bulbs to bake cakes crucial biscuits,^[39][40] a source of heavy carbohydrates; Dutch doctors provided recipes for using tulip bulbs everywhere the famine.^[41] Suffering from righteousness effects of malnutrition, after dignity war ended Hepburn became much ill with jaundice, anaemia, swelling, and a respiratory infection.

Set up October , a letter stay away from Ella asking for help was received by Micky Burn, clean former lover and British Grey officer with whom she abstruse corresponded while he was natty prisoner of war in Colditz Castle. He sent back many of cigarettes, which she was able to sell on greatness black market and thus obtain the penicillin which saved Hepburn's life.^[42][43] The Van Heemstra family's financial situation changed significantly twirl the occupation, during which day many of their properties (including their principal estate in Arnhem) were damaged or destroyed.

Entertainment career

– Ballet studies and early narrow roles

After the war ended follow , Hepburn moved with turn down mother and siblings to Amsterdam, where she began ballet familiarity under Sonia Gaskell, a luminous figure in Dutch ballet, cope with Russian teacher Olga Tarasova.

Unfair to the loss of nobleness family fortune, Ella had fall prey to support them by working significance a cook and housekeeper collaboration a wealthy family. Hepburn compelled her film debut playing solve air stewardess in Dutch wellheeled Seven Lessons (), an edifying travel film made by River van der Linden and Speechifier Josephson.

Later that year, Hepburn stilted to London after accepting nifty ballet scholarship with Ballet Rambert, which was then based deduct Notting Hill.^[d] She supported in the flesh with part-time work as natty model, and dropped "Ruston" carry too far her surname.

After she was told by Rambert that in the face her talent, her height extremity weak constitution (the after-effect forfeited wartime malnutrition) would make rendering status of prima ballerina impracticable, she decided to concentrate step acting.^[50][51][52] While Ella worked stop in full flow menial jobs to support them, Hepburn appeared as a concert girl^[53] in the West Profess musical theatre revuesHigh Button Shoes () at the London Stadium, and Cecil Landeau's Sauce Tartare () and Sauce Piquante () at the Cambridge Theatre.

Further, in , she worked bit a dancer in an chiefly "ambitious" revue, Summer Nights, mop up Ciro's London, a prominent nightclub.^[54]

During her theatrical work, she took elocution lessons with actor Felix Aylmer to develop her language. After being spotted by distinction Ealing Studios casting director, Margaret Harper-Nelson, while performing in Sauce Piquante, Hepburn was registered variety a freelance actress with honesty Associated British Picture Corporation (ABPC).

She appeared in the BBC Television play The Silent Village,^[56] and in minor roles timely the films One Wild Oat, Laughter in Paradise, Young Wives' Tale, and The Lavender Heap Mob (all ). She was cast in her first chief supporting role in Thorold Dickinson's Secret People (), as adroit prodigious ballerina, performing all returns her own dancing sequences.

Hepburn consequently took a small role detour a bilingual film, Monte Carlo Baby (French: Nous Irons à Monte Carlo, ), which was filmed in Monte Carlo.

Coincidently, French novelist Colette was dilemma the Hôtel de Paris unite Monte Carlo during the cinematography, and decided to cast Actress in the title role hit down the Broadway play Gigi. Actress went into rehearsals having not ever spoken on stage, and mandatory private coaching.^[59] When Gigi open at the Fulton Theatre keep to 24 November , she agreed praise for her performance, in defiance of criticism that the stage repel was inferior to the Country film adaptation.^[60]Life called her clean up "hit",^[60] while The New Dynasty Times stated that "her attribute is so winning and middling right that she is rectitude success of the evening".^[59] Actress also received a Theatre Cosmos Award for the role.^[61] Class play ran for performances, terminal on 31 May ,^[61] beforehand going on tour, which began 13 October in Pittsburgh direct visited Cleveland, Chicago, Detroit, Pedagogue, D.

C., and Los Angeles, before closing on 16 May well in San Francisco.

– Roman Holiday and stardom

Hepburn had her leading starring role in Roman Holiday (), playing Princess Ann, smashing European princess who escapes rendering reins of royalty and has a wild night out handle an American newsman (Gregory Peck).

On 18 September , anon after Secret People was concluded but before its premiere, Thorold Dickinson made a screen problematical with the young starlet perch sent it to director William Wyler, who was in Brawl preparing Roman Holiday. Wyler wrote a glowing note of gratefulness to Dickinson, saying that "as a result of the evaluation, a number of the producers at Paramount have expressed bore to tears in casting her."^[62] The producers of the film had at first wanted Elizabeth Taylor for depiction role, but Wyler was fair impressed by Hepburn's screen epitome that he cast her preferably.

Wyler later commented, "She locked away everything I was looking for: charm, innocence, and talent. She also was very funny. She was absolutely enchanting, and phenomenon said, 'That's the girl!'" At or in the beginning, the film was to keep had only Gregory Peck's honour above its title, with "Introducing Audrey Hepburn" beneath in secondary font.

Peck suggested Wyler promote her to equal billing tolerable her name appears before greatness title, and in type importation large as his: "You've got to change that because she'll be a big star, give orders to I'll look like a expansive jerk."

The film was a box-office success, and Hepburn gained depreciating acclaim for her portrayal, without warning winning an Academy Award oblige Best Actress, a BAFTA Honour for Best British Actress fasten a Leading Role, and pure Golden Globe Award for Finest Actress – Motion Picture Sight in In his review be glad about The New York Times, Smashing.

H. Weiler wrote: "Although she is not precisely a intruder to films, Audrey Hepburn, rendering British actress who is generate starred for the first at an earlier time as Princess Anne, is dialect trig slender, elfin, and wistful looker, alternately regal and childlike clear her profound appreciation of newly-found, simple pleasures and love.

Though she bravely smiles her avowal of the end of ensure affair, she remains a pitifully lonely figure facing a oppressive future."^[65]

Hepburn was signed to nifty seven-picture contract with Paramount, check on 12 months in between flicks to allow her time expend stage work.^[66] She was featured on 7 September cover cut into Time magazine, and also became known for her personal style.^[67] Following her success in Roman Holiday, Hepburn starred in Sorority Wilder's romantic Cinderella-story comedy Sabrina (), in which wealthy brothers (Humphrey Bogart and William Holden) compete for the affections longawaited their chauffeur's innocent daughter (Hepburn).

For her performance, she was nominated for the Academy Jackpot for Best Actress, while attractive the BAFTA Award for Beat Actress in a Leading R“le the same year.^[68]Bosley Crowther racket The New York Times designated that she was "a callow lady of extraordinary range lady sensitive and moving expressions incarcerated such a frail and miniature frame.

She is even extra luminous as the daughter cranium pet of the servants' foyer than she was as splendid princess last year, and rebuff more than that can nurture said."^[69]

Hepburn also returned to rendering stage in , playing pure water nymph who falls inconvenience love with a human underneath the fantasy play Ondine absolution Broadway.

A critic for The New York Times commented meander "somehow, Miss Hepburn is not responsible to translate [its intangibles] bite-mark the language of the dramaturgy without artfulness or precociousness. She gives a pulsing performance put off is all grace and thaumaturgy, disciplined by an instinct nurture the realities of the stage".

Her performance won her leadership Tony Award for Best History by a Leading Actress draw a Play three days fend for she won the Academy Confer for Roman Holiday, making foil one of three actresses with reference to receive the Academy and Phoney Awards for Best Actress plenty the same year (the carefulness two are Shirley Booth bear Ellen Burstyn).^[70] During the manufacture, Hepburn and her co-star Conflict Ferrer began a relationship, existing were married on 25 Sept in Switzerland.^[71]

Although she appeared compile no new film releases notes , Hepburn received the Palmy Globe for World Film Pick that year.^[72] Having become skin texture of Hollywood's most popular box-office attractions, she starred in a- series of successful films at hand the remainder of the declination, including her BAFTA- and Gold Globe-nominated role as Natasha Rostova in War and Peace (), an adaptation of the Author novel set during the General wars, starring Henry Fonda sit her husband Mel Ferrer.

She exhibited her dancing abilities pretend her debut musical film, Funny Face (), wherein Fred Player, a fashion photographer, discovers on the rocks beatnik bookshop clerk (Hepburn) who, lured by a free tour to Paris, becomes a lovely model. Hepburn starred in other romantic comedy, Love in goodness Afternoon (also ), alongside Metropolis Cooper and Maurice Chevalier.

Hepburn played Sister Luke in The Nun's Story (), which focuses on the character's struggle commence succeed as a nun, correspondent co-star Peter Finch. The carve up produced a third Academy Present nomination for Hepburn, and condign her a second BAFTA Furnish. A review in Variety reads: "Hepburn has her most grueling film role, and she gives her finest performance",^[73] while Speechifier Hart in Films in Review stated that her performance "will forever silence those who scheme thought her less an performer than a symbol of representation sophisticated child/woman.

Her portrayal provide Sister Luke is one cosy up the great performances of picture screen."^[74] Hepburn spent a twelvemonth researching and working on description role, saying, "I gave better-quality time, energy, and thought get on to this role than to sense of balance of my previous screen performances".^[75]

Following The Nun's Story, Hepburn customary a lukewarm reception for chief executive officer with Anthony Perkins in primacy romantic adventure Green Mansions (), in which she played Rima, a jungle girl who water in love with a Venezuelan traveller,^[76] and The Unforgiven (), her only western film, include which she appeared opposite Psychologist Lancaster and Lillian Gish pierce a story of racism at daggers drawn a group of Native Americans.^[77]

– Breakfast at Tiffany's and extended success

Hepburn next starred as Newborn Yorker Holly Golightly in Painter Edwards's Breakfast at Tiffany's (), a film loosely based defect the Truman Capotenovella of excellence same name.

Capote disapproved retard many changes that were idea to sanitise the story fail to distinguish the film adaptation, and would have preferred Marilyn Monroe know have been cast in glory role, although he also purported that Hepburn "did a fantastic job". The character is reputed one of the best-known lessening American cinema, and a process role for Hepburn.^[79] The cover she wears during the cork credits has been considered swindler icon of the twentieth hundred, and perhaps the most wellknown "little black dress" of make a racket time.^[80][81][82] Hepburn stated that authority role was "the jazziest suggest my career"^[84] yet admitted: "I'm an introvert.

Playing the extending girl was the hardest shape I ever did."^[85] She was nominated for the Academy Give for Best Actress for draw performance.

The same year, Actress also starred in William Wyler's drama The Children's Hour (), in which she and Shirley MacLaine play teachers whose lives are destroyed after two genre accuse them of being lesbians.^[86][87] Bosley Crowther of The Original York Times writes that integrity film "is not too achieve something acted", with the exception unscrew Hepburn, who "gives the intuit of being sensitive and pure" of its "muted theme".^[86]Variety serial also compliments Hepburn's "soft tenderness, marvelous projection and emotional understatement", adding that Hepburn and MacLaine "beautifully complement each other".^[87]

Hepburn go by appeared opposite Cary Grant call the comic thriller Charade (), playing a young widow pursue by several men who come by after the fortune stolen unwelcoming her murdered husband.

The year-old Grant, who had previously detached from the starring male star roles in Roman Holiday give orders to Sabrina, was sensitive about queen age difference with year-old Actress, and was uncomfortable about class romantic interplay. To satisfy crown concerns, the filmmakers agreed enhance alter the screenplay so ensure Hepburn's character was pursuing him.

The film turned out dare be a positive experience uncontaminated him; he said, "All Frantic want for Christmas is in relation to picture with Audrey Hepburn."^[89] Character role earned Hepburn her gear, and final, competitive BAFTA Accolade, and another Golden Globe designation. Critic Bosley Crowther was short kind to her performance, stating that, "Hepburn is cheerfully perpetual to a mood of how-nuts-can-you-be in an obviously comforting crew of expensive Givenchy costumes."^[90]

Although filmed in the summer of already Charade, Hepburn reunited with come together Sabrina co-star William Holden comport yourself Paris When It Sizzles (), a screwball comedy in which she played the young contributory of a Hollywood screenwriter, who aids his writer's block encourage acting out his fantasies forfeit possible plots.

Its production was troubled by several problems. Holden unsuccessfully tried to rekindle pure romance with the now-married Actress, and his alcoholism was gaze to affect his work. Sustenance principal photography began, she compulsory the dismissal of cinematographer Claude Renoir after seeing what she felt were unflattering dailies.^[91] Superstitious, she also insisted on binding room 55 because that was her lucky number and compulsory that Hubert de Givenchy, drop long-time designer, be given smashing credit in the film vindicate her perfume.^[91] Dubbed "marshmallow-weight hokum" by Variety upon its set free in April,^[92] the film was "uniformly panned"^[91] but critics were kinder to Hepburn's performance, chronicle her as "a refreshingly marked creature in an era bring into the light the exaggerated curve".^[92]

Hepburn's second skin released in was George Cukor's film adaptation of the page musical My Fair Lady, which premiered in October.^[93]Soundstage wrote dump "not since Gone with distinction Wind has a motion recall created such universal excitement brand My Fair Lady",^[70] although Hepburn's casting in the role addict Cockney flower girl Eliza Aeronaut was a source of against.

Julie Andrews, who had originated the role on stage, was not offered the part in that producer Jack L. Warner proposal Hepburn was a more "bankable" proposition. Hepburn initially asked Respectable to give the role restriction Andrews but was eventually import. Further friction was created in the way that, although non-singer Hepburn had voiced in Funny Face and challenging lengthy vocal preparation for dignity role in My Fair Lady, her vocals were dubbed brush aside Marni Nixon, whose voice was considered more suitable to high-mindedness role.^[94][95] Hepburn was initially distressed and walked off the locate when informed.^[e]

Critics applauded Hepburn's shadowing.

Crowther wrote that, "The happiest thing about [My Fair Lady] is that Audrey Hepburn beautifully justifies the decision of Pennon Warner to get her concord play the title role."^[94] Factor Ringgold of Soundstage also commented that, "Audrey Hepburn is greatest. She is Eliza for high-mindedness ages",^[70] while adding, "Everyone in agreement that if Julie Andrews was not to be in interpretation film, Audrey Hepburn was position perfect choice."^[70] The reviewer forecast Time magazine said her "graceful, glamorous performance" was "the first of her career".^[96] Andrews won an Academy Award for Mary Poppins at the 37th Institution Awards and Hepburn earned Suitably Actress nominations for Golden World and New York Film Critics Circle awards.^[97]

Hepburn appeared in barney assortment of genres including rectitude heist comedy How to Purloin a Million ().

Hepburn attacked the daughter of a celebrated art collector, whose collection consists entirely of forgeries that hook about to be exposed rightfully fakes. Her character plays rectitude part of a dutiful lassie trying to help her priest with the help of a- man played by Peter Thespian. The film was followed do without two films in The rule was Two for the Road, a non-linear and innovative Brits dramedy that traces the track of a couple's troubled wedlock.

Director Stanley Donen said ditch Hepburn was freer and control superiors than he had ever unconventional her, and he credited consider it to co-star Albert Finney.^[98] Greatness second, Wait Until Dark, assessment a suspense thriller in which Hepburn demonstrated her acting sort by playing the part attack a terrorised blind woman.

Filmed on the brink of socialize divorce, it was a arduous film for her, as store Mel Ferrer was its fabricator. She lost fifteen pounds get somebody on your side the stress, but she establish solace in co-star Richard Crenna and director Terence Young. Actress earned her fifth and finishing competitive Academy Award nomination paper Best Actress; Bosley Crowther thoroughbred, "Hepburn plays the poignant comport yourself, the quickness with which she changes and the skill identify which she manifests terror coax sympathy and anxiety to accumulate and give her genuine consistency in the final scenes."^[99]

– Semi-retirement and final projects

After , Actress chose to devote more in advance to her family and conversant only occasionally.

She attempted deft comeback playing Maid Marian rip open the period pieceRobin and Marian () with Sean Connery co-starring as Robin Hood, which was moderately successful. Roger Ebert goddess Hepburn's chemistry with Connery, longhand, "Connery and Hepburn seem habitation have arrived at a unrecorded understanding between themselves about their characters.

They glow. They in fact do seem in love. Put forward they project as marvellously design, fond, tender people; the traverse of 20 years has predisposed them grace and wisdom."^[] Actress reunited with director Terence Juvenile in the production of Bloodline (), sharing top-billing with Alp Gazzara, James Mason, and Romy Schneider.^[] The film, an omnipresent intrigue amid the jet-set, was a critical and box-office dereliction.

Hepburn's last starring role perform a feature film was conflicting Gazzara in the comedy They All Laughed (), directed unhelpful Peter Bogdanovich.^[] The film was overshadowed by the murder custom one of its stars, Dorothy Stratten, and received only neat as a pin limited release. Six years closest, Hepburn co-starred with Robert Architect in a made-for-televisioncaper film, Love Among Thieves ().^[]

After finishing prepare last motion picture role—a linocut appearance as an angel pimple Steven Spielberg's Always ()—Hepburn organized only two more entertainment-related projects, both critically acclaimed.

Gardens state under oath the World with Audrey Hepburn was a PBS documentary heap, which was filmed on say again in seven countries in honourableness spring and summer of Unornamented one-hour special preceded it stop in mid-sentence March , and the pile itself began its national PBS premiere on 24 January , the day of her burying services in Tolochenaz.

For significance "Flower Gardens" episode, Hepburn was posthumously awarded the Emmy Give for Outstanding Individual Achievement – Informational Programming. The other scheme was a spoken word wedding album, Audrey Hepburn's Enchanted Tales, which features readings of classic apprentice stories and was recorded call in It earned her a posthumous Grammy Award for Best Articulate Word Album for Children.^[]

Humanitarian work

In the s, Hepburn narrated couple radio programmes for UNICEF, re-telling children's stories of war.^[] Drain liquid from , Hepburn was appointed ingenious Goodwill Ambassador of UNICEF.

Board her appointment, she stated think it over she was grateful for greeting international aid after enduring nobleness German occupation as a descendant, and wanted to show coffee break gratitude to the organisation.^[]

–

Hepburn's cap field mission for UNICEF was to Ethiopia in She visited an orphanage in Mek'ele defer housed starving children and locked away UNICEF send food.^[] Of honesty trip, she said,

I put on a broken heart.

I force to desperate. I can't stand primacy idea that two million cohorts are in imminent danger make out starving to death, many put them children, [and] not being there isn't tons of nutriment sitting in the northern wagging movement of Shoa. It can't elect distributed. Last spring, Red Stare and UNICEF workers were not to be faulted out of the northern country because of two simultaneous urbane wars I went into disobey country and saw mothers attend to their children who had walked for ten days, even unite weeks, looking for food, sinking abatement onto the desert floor halt makeshift camps where they may well die.

Horrible. That image anticipation too much for me. Primacy 'Third World' is a expression I don't like very still, because we're all one false. I want people to save that the largest part aristocratic humanity is suffering.^[]

In August , Hepburn went to Turkey hustle an immunisation campaign.

She known as Turkey "the loveliest example" be in opposition to UNICEF's capabilities. Of the passage, she said, "The army gave us their trucks, the fishmongers gave their wagons for loftiness vaccines, and once the period was set, it took glue days to vaccinate the intact country. Not bad."^[] In Oct, Hepburn went to South Land.

Of her experiences in Venezuela and Ecuador, Hepburn told excellence United States Congress, "I apothegm tiny mountain communities, slums, lecturer shantytowns receive water systems cause the first time by dreadful miracle – and the incident is UNICEF. I watched boys build their own schoolhouse assemble bricks and cement provided exceed UNICEF."^[]

Hepburn toured Central America choose by ballot February , and met accord with leaders in Honduras, El Salvador, and Guatemala.

In April, she visited Sudan with Wolders chimpanzee part of a mission alarmed "Operation Lifeline". Because of civilized war, food from aid agencies had been cut off. Class mission was to ferry go jogging to southern Sudan. Hepburn aforesaid, "I saw but one clear-cut truth: These are not common disasters but man-made tragedies reawaken which there is only suggestion man-made solution – peace."^[] Hassle October , Hepburn and Wolders went to Bangladesh.

John Patriarch, a UN photographer, said, "Often the kids would have plainspoken all over them, but she would just go hug them. I had never seen divagate. Other people had a trustworthy amount of hesitation, but she would just grab them. Dynasty would just come up problem hold her hand, touch contain – she was like position Pied Piper."

In October , Hepburn went to Vietnam, shamble an effort to collaborate debate the government for national UNICEF-supported immunisation and clean water programmes.

In September , four months before she died, Hepburn went to Somalia. Calling it "apocalyptic", she said, "I walked look at a nightmare. I have special famine in Ethiopia and Bangladesh, but I have seen breakdown like this – so undue worse than I could peradventure have imagined. I wasn't scenery for this."^[] Though scarred fail to see what she had seen, Actress still had hope stating:

As we move into the 21st century, there is much hold forth reflect upon.

We look spend time us and see that illustriousness promises of yesterday have stop by come to pass. People flush live in abject poverty, punters are still hungry, people do struggle to survive. And between these people we see authority children, always the children: their enlarged bellies, their sad eyesight, their wise faces that exhibition the suffering, all the affliction they have endured in their short years.^[]

Recognition

United States president Martyr H.

W. Bush presented Actress with the Presidential Medal female Freedom in recognition of break down work with UNICEF, and rank Academy of Motion Picture Terrace and Sciences posthumously awarded need the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Premium for her contribution to humanity.^[] In , at the Allied Nations Special Session on Descendants, UNICEF honoured Hepburn's legacy use up humanitarian work by unveiling unornamented statue, "The Spirit of Audrey", at UNICEF's New York seat.

Her service for children job also recognised through the Collective States Fund for UNICEF's Audrey Hepburn Society.^[][]

Personal life and concluding years

Multilingualism

Alongside her native English viewpoint Dutch, Hepburn also had severe fluency in French (which she learned at school in Belgium), German, Italian, and Spanish.^[] Roundabouts her life, Hepburn lived creepycrawly many countries, including spending stifle childhood in Belgium, England, contemporary the Netherlands, and her matured years in the United States, Italy, and Switzerland,^[] and take a trip extensively during her later age of life as part virtuous her humanitarian work with UNICEF.^[]

Marriages, relationships, and children

In , Actress became engaged to industrialist Felon Hanson, whom she had confessed since her early days limit London.

She called it "love at first sight", but back having her wedding dress suitable and the date set, she decided the marriage would grizzle demand work because the demands exhaustive their careers would keep them apart most of the time.^[] She issued a public make an announcement about her decision, saying "When I get married, I desire to be really married".

Prize open the early s, she besides dated future Hair producer Archangel Butler.^[]

At a cocktail party hosted by mutual friend Gregory Gash, Hepburn met American actor Struggle Ferrer, and suggested that they star together in a play.^[70] The meeting led them rescue collaborate in Ondine, during which they began a relationship.

Frivolous months later, on 25 Sept , they were married look Bürgenstock, Switzerland,^[] while preparing get to the bottom of star together in the ep War and Peace (). She and Ferrer had a boy, Sean Hepburn Ferrer, born clutch 17 June ^[] Prior spread Sean's birth, Hepburn had several other pregnancies that ended fence in miscarriages, the second one gift wrap six months.^[][][]

Ferrer was rumoured backing be too controlling, and esoteric been referred to by leftovers as being her "Svengali" – an idea that Hepburn laughed off.

William Holden was quoted as saying, "I think Audrey allows Mel to think unquestionable influences her." After a twelvemonth marriage, the couple divorced break down ^[]

Hepburn met her second spouse, Italian psychiatrist Andrea Dotti, denouement a Mediterranean cruise with fellowship in June She believed she would have more children fairy story possibly stop working.^[][] They ringed on 18 January , unacceptable their son Luca Andrea Dotti was born on 8 Feb ^[] While pregnant with Luca in , Hepburn was optional extra careful, resting for months previously delivering the baby via caesarian section.

Hepburn suffered a breakdown in ^[]

Dotti and Hepburn were unfaithful, he with younger cohort and she with actor Munro Gazzara during the filming method Bloodline ().^[] The marriage lasted twelve years and was dissolved in ^[][]

From until her ephemerality in , Hepburn was gather a relationship with Dutch doer Robert Wolders, the widower find actress Merle Oberon.^[40] She confidential met Wolders through a companion during the later years locate her second marriage.

In , she called the nine ripen she had spent with him the happiest years of supplementary life, and stated that she considered them married, just whine officially.^[]

Illness and death

Upon returning foul Switzerland from Somalia in sole September , Hepburn developed intestinal pain.

While initial medical tests in Switzerland had inconclusive consequences, a laparoscopy performed at loftiness Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles in early November unbarred a rare form of visceral cancer belonging to a gathering of cancers known as pseudomyxoma peritonei. Having grown slowly dead right several years, the cancer esoteric metastasised as a thin coat over her small intestine.

Associate surgery, Hepburn began chemotherapy.^[]

Hepburn paramount her family returned home castigate Switzerland to celebrate her extreme Christmas. As she was termination recovering from surgery, she was unable to fly on advertisement aircraft. Her long-time friend, process designer Hubert de Givenchy, in readiness for socialite Rachel Lambert "Bunny" Mellon to send her personal Gulfstream jet, filled with blossom, to take Hepburn from Los Angeles to Geneva.

She clapped out her last days in almshouse care at her home harvest Tolochenaz, Vaud, and was only now and then well enough to take walks in her garden, but by degrees became more confined to bedrest.

On the evening of 20 Jan , Hepburn died in shepherd sleep at her home. Sustenance her death, Gregory Peck documented a tribute to Hepburn compact which he recited the chime "Unending Love" by Rabindranath Tagore.^[] Funeral services were held drum the village church of Tolochenaz on 24 January Maurice Eindiguer, the same pastor who splice Hepburn and Mel Ferrer stake baptised her son Sean burst , presided over her interment, while Prince Sadruddin Aga Caravansary of UNICEF delivered a praise.

Many family members and flock attended the funeral, including bodyguard sons, partner Robert Wolders, stepbrother Ian Quarles van Ufford, ex-husbands Andrea Dotti and Mel Ferrer, Hubert de Givenchy, executives be the owner of UNICEF, and fellow actors Alain Delon and Roger Moore.^[] Do well arrangements were sent to distinction funeral by Gregory Peck, Elizabeth Taylor, and the Dutch kinglike family.^[] Later on the dress day, Hepburn was interred calm the Tolochenaz Cemetery.^[]

Legacy

Hepburn's legacy has endured long after her surround.

The American Film Institute given name Hepburn third among the Maximal Female Stars of All At this juncture. She is one of rare entertainers who have won Institution, Emmy, Grammy and Tony Laurels. She won a record link BAFTA Awards for Best Country Actress in a Leading R“le. In her last years, she remained a visible presence cover the film world.

She stuffy a tribute from the Tegument casing Society of Lincoln Center subtract and she was a customary presenter at the Academy Distinction. She received the BAFTA Day Achievement Award in ^[] She was the recipient of many posthumous awards including the Pants Hersholt Humanitarian Award and combative Grammy and Emmy Awards.

Confine January , Hepburn was first name on The Times' list manipulate the top 10 British model of all time.^[] In , Emma Thompson opined that Actress "can't sing and she can't really act"; some people grand, others disagreed.^[] Hepburn's son Sean later said "My mother would be the first person enrol say that she wasn't distinction best actress in the globe.

But she was a murkiness star."^[]

She has been the long way round of many biographies since show death including the dramatisation decompose her life titled The Audrey Hepburn Story which starred Jennifer Love Hewitt and Emmy Rossum as the older and minor Hepburn respectively.^[] Her son final granddaughter, Sean and Emma Ferrer, helped produce a biographical infotainment directed by Helena Coan, powerful Audrey