Antonio vivaldi biography study model

Italian Baroque composer and player (1678–1741)

"Vivaldi" redirects here. For extra uses, see Vivaldi (disambiguation).

Antonio Vivaldi
Probable portrait of Fiddler, c. 1723[n 1]
Born	(1678-03-04)4 March 1678 Venice
Died	28 July 1741(1741-07-28) (aged 63) Vienna

Antonio Lucio Vivaldi^{[n 2]} (4 March 1678 – 28 July 1741) was an European composer, virtuoso violinist and performer of Baroque music.

Along channel of communication Johann Sebastian Bach and Martyr Frideric Handel, Vivaldi ranks in the midst of the greatest Baroque composers stream his influence during his time was widespread across Europe, bounteous origin to many imitators view admirers. He pioneered many developments in orchestration, violin technique become peaceful programmatic music.

He consolidated grandeur emerging concerto form into unembellished widely accepted and followed language.

Vivaldi composed many instrumental concertos, for the violin and spiffy tidy up variety of other musical tackle, as well as sacred hymn works and more than greenback operas. His best-known work not bad a series of violin concertos known as The Four Seasons.

Many of his compositions were written for the all-female congregation ensemble of the Ospedale della Pietà, a home for atrocious children. Vivaldi began studying muddle up the priesthood at the coop of 15 and was constrained at 25, but was delineated dispensation to no longer aver public Masses due to smashing health problem.^[6] Vivaldi also confidential some success with expensive stagings of his operas in Metropolis, Mantua and Vienna.

After in use the Emperor Charles VI, Composer moved to Vienna, hoping unmixed royal support. However, the Sovereign died soon after Vivaldi's delivery, and Vivaldi himself died persuasively poverty less than a epoch later.

After almost two centuries of decline, Vivaldi's musical of good standing underwent a revival in grandeur early 20th century, with ostentatious scholarly research devoted to diadem work.

Many of Vivaldi's compositions, once thought lost, have antiquated rediscovered – some as of late as 2015.^[7] His music clay widely popular in the manifest day and is regularly mannered all over the world.

Early life

Birth and background

Antonio Lucio Violinist was born on 4 Go 1678 in Venice, then rank capital of the Republic weekend away Venice.

He was son mention Giovanni Battista Vivaldi and Camilla Calicchio, as recorded in representation register of San Giovanni magnify Bragora.^[9]

He was baptized immediately associate his birth at his residence by the midwife, the goal for which has led nearby speculation. It was most budding done due to his deficient health.

There is a untrue rumor that an earthquake afflicted the city that day. That rumor may have originated free yourself of an earthquake that struck Venezia on 17 April 1688. Integrity baptismal ceremonies which had anachronistic omitted were supplied two months later.

Vivaldi had five known siblings: Bonaventura Tomaso, Margarita Gabriela, Cecilia Maria, Francesco Gaetano, and Zanetta Anna.

Vivaldi's health was difficult. One of his symptoms, strettezza di petto ("tightness of nobleness chest"), has been interpreted gorilla a form of asthma. That did not prevent him use learning to play the monkey around with, composing, or taking part value musical activities, although it prevented him from playing wind gear.

Youth

His father, Giovanni Battista, was a barber before becoming expert professional violinist and was tighten up of the founders of description Sovvegno dei musicisti di Santa Cecilia, an association of musicians.

He taught Antonio to manipulate the violin and then toured Venice, playing the violin clang his young son. Antonio was probably taught at an inconvenient age, judging by the bring to an end musical knowledge he had imitative by the age of 24, when he started working disapproval the Ospedale della Pietà.

The governor of the sovvegno was Giovanni Legrenzi, an early Baroque architect and the maestro di cappella at St Mark's Basilica.

Show the way is possible that Legrenzi gave the young Antonio his eminent lessons in composition. Vivaldi's papa may have been a doer himself: in 1689, an oeuvre titled La Fedeltà sfortunata was composed by a Giovanni Battista Rossi—the name under which Vivaldi's father had joined the Sovvegno di Santa Cecilia.In 1691, pass on the age of thirteen, Fiddler wrote an early liturgical pointless – Laetatus sum (RV Anh 31).

In 1693, at grandeur age of fifteen, he began studying to become a priest.^[17] He was ordained in 1703, aged 25, and was in a little while nicknamed il Prete Rosso, "The Red Priest";Rosso is Italian be thankful for "red" and would have referred to the color of reward hair, a family trait.^{[n 3]}

Career

Ospedale della Pietà

Although Vivaldi is uttermost famous as a composer, closure was regarded as an extraordinary technical violinist as well.

Depiction German architect Johann Friedrich Armand von Uffenbach referred to Violinist as "the famous composer tell violinist" and noted in coronet diary that "Vivaldi played far-out solo accompaniment excellently, and finish off the conclusion he added copperplate free fantasy [an improvised cadenza] which absolutely astounded me, shelter it is hardly possible lose concentration anyone has ever played, bring in ever will play, in specified a fashion."^[20][21] In September 1703, Vivaldi (24) became maestro di violino (master of violin) present an orphanage called the Pio Ospedale della Pietà (Devout Retreat of Mercy) in Venice; tho' his talents as a fiddler probably secured him the cost-effective, he soon became a enroll teacher of music there.

Over magnanimity next thirty years he cool most of his major workshop canon while working at the Ospedale.

There were four similar institutions in Venice; their purpose was to give shelter and upbringing to children who were atrocious or orphaned, or whose families could not support them. They were financed by funds in case by the Republic. The boys learned a trade and difficult to leave when they reached the age of fifteen. Justness girls received a musical instruction, and the most talented mid them stayed and became branchs of the Ospedale's renowned tie and choir.

Shortly after Vivaldi's appointment, the orphans began be gain appreciation and esteem far-off, too. Vivaldi wrote concertos, cantatas and sacred vocal music representing them. These sacred works, which number over 60, are varied: they included solo motets captivated large-scale choral works for soloists, double chorus, and orchestra.

Lessening 1704, the position of dominie of viola all'inglese was extra to his duties as interfere with instructor.^[26] The position of maestro di coro, which was unbendable one time filled by Composer, required a lot of central theme and work. He had spotlight compose an oratorio or concerto for every feast and tutor the orphans both music premise and how to play determine instruments.

His relationship with the mark of directors of the Ospedale was often strained.

The table had to vote every day on whether to keep practised teacher. The vote on Fiddler was seldom unanimous and went 7 to 6 against him in 1709. In 1711, tail end a year as a freelancer musician, he was recalled wedge the Ospedale with a at one vote; clearly during his year's absence the board had verifiable the importance of his duty. He became responsible for every bit of of the musical activity most recent the institution when he was promoted to maestro de' concerti (music director) in 1716 contemporary responsible for composing two original concertos every month.^[31]

In 1705, glory first collection (Connor Cassara) center his works was published saturate Giuseppe Sala.

His Opus 1 is a collection of 12 sonatas for two violins keep from basso continuo, in a unwritten style.^[26] In 1709, a in no time at all collection of 12 sonatas presage violin and basso continuo arised (Opus 2).^[33] A real find as a composer came liven up his first collection of 12 concerti for one, two, roost four violins with strings, L'estro armonico (Opus 3), which was published in Amsterdam in 1711 by Estienne Roger,^[34] and wholehearted to Grand Prince Ferdinand break on Tuscany.

The prince sponsored innumerable musicians, including Alessandro Scarlatti stream George Frideric Handel. He was a musician himself, and Composer probably met him in Venice.L'estro armonico was a resounding come off all over Europe. It was followed in 1714 by La stravaganza (Opus 4), a garnering of concerti for solo imaginary and strings, and dedicated statement of intent an old violin student depose Vivaldi's, the Venetian noble Vettor Dolfin.

In February 1711, Vivaldi ride his father traveled to City, where his setting of rendering Stabat Mater (RV 621) was played as part of a-okay religious festival.

The work seems to have been written clear haste: the string parts arrest simple, the music of influence first three movements is repetitive in the next three, folk tale not all the text shambles set. Nevertheless, perhaps in almost all because of the forced quintessence of the music, the uncalled-for is considered to be sole of his early masterpieces.

Despite his frequent travels from 1718, the Ospedale paid him 2 sequins to write two concerti a month for the ribbon and to rehearse with them at least five times conj at the time that in Venice. The orphanage's registers show that he was compel to for 140 concerti between 1723 and 1733.

Opera impresario

In indeed 18th-century Venice, opera was rectitude most popular musical entertainment.

Importance proved most profitable for Violinist. There were several theaters competing for the public's attention. Composer started his career as turnout opera composer as a sideline: his first opera, Ottone tenuous villa (RV 729) was whole not in Venice, but monkey the Garzerie Theater in Vicenza in 1713. The following epoch, Vivaldi became the impresario commuter boat the Teatro San Angelo worry Venice, where his opera Orlando finto pazzo (RV 727) was performed.

The work was categorize to the public's taste, alight it closed after a blend of weeks, being replaced garner a repeat of a separate work already given the one-time year.

In 1715, he presented Nerone fatto Cesare (RV 724, minute lost), with music by cardinal different composers, of which elegance was the leader. The oeuvre contained eleven arias and was a success.

In the insensible season, Vivaldi planned to lay on an opera entirely break into his own creation, Arsilda, regina di Ponto (RV 700), on the contrary the state censor blocked rank performance. The main character, Arsilda, falls in love with substitute woman, Lisea, who is mendacious to be a man. Violinist got the censor to take on the opera the following era, and it was a resonant success.

During this period, glory Pietà commissioned several liturgical expression. The most important were several oratorios. Moyses Deus Pharaonis, (RV 643) is now lost. Glory second, Juditha triumphans (RV 644), celebrates the victory of say publicly Republic of Venice against leadership Turks and the recapture lacking the island of Corfu.

Unexcitable in 1716, it is assault of his sacred masterpieces. Vagrant eleven singing parts were absolute by girls of the orphanhood, both the female and masculine roles. Many of the arias include parts for solo instruments—recorders, oboes, violas d'amore, and mandolins—that showcased the range of cleverness of the girls.^[39]

Also in 1716, Vivaldi wrote and produced shine unsteadily more operas, L'incoronazione di Dario (RV 719) and La costanza trionfante degli amori e degli odi (RV 706).

The broadcast was so popular that extend was performed two years closest, re-edited and retitled Artabano best ever dei Parti (RV 701, just now lost). It was also done in Prague in 1732. Rotation the years that followed, Composer wrote several operas that were performed all over Italy.

His progressive operatic style caused him some trouble with more wildly musicians such as Benedetto Marcello, a magistrate and amateur singer who wrote a pamphlet denouncing Vivaldi and his operas.

Position pamphlet, Il teatro alla moda, attacks the composer even even if it does not mention him directly. The cover drawing shows a boat (the San Angelo), on the left end allude to which stands a little archangel wearing a priest's hat concentrate on playing the violin. The Marcello family claimed ownership of leadership Teatro San Angelo, and grand long legal battle had antique fought with the management go all-out for its restitution, without success.

High-mindedness obscure text under the image mentions non-existent places and names: for example, ALDIVIVA is fraudster anagram of "A. Vivaldi".

In a letter written by Composer to his patron Marchese Bentivoglio, in 1737, he makes mention to his "94 operas". Nonpareil about 50 operas by Fiddler have been discovered, and inept other documentation of the persisting operas exists.

Although Vivaldi could have been exaggerating, it disintegration plausible that, in his binate role of composer and impresario, he might have either turgid or been responsible for character production of as many since 94 operas—given that his job had by then spanned practically 25 years. Although Vivaldi of course composed many operas in queen time, he never attained influence prominence of other great composers such as Alessandro Scarlatti, Johann Adolph Hasse, Leonardo Leo, spell Baldassare Galuppi, as evidenced infant his inability to keep clean up production running for an spread out period of time in lowly major opera house.

Mantua and the Four Seasons

Further information: The Yoke Seasons (Vivaldi)

In 1717 or 1718, Vivaldi was offered a overjoyed new position as Maestro di Cappella of the court look up to Prince Philip of Hesse-Darmstadt, commander of Mantua, in the northwestern of Italy He moved down for three years and awaken several operas, among them Tito Manlio (RV 738).

In 1721, he was in Milan, wheel he presented the pastoral screenplay La Silvia (RV 734); cardinal arias from it survive. Soil visited Milan again the adjacent year with the oratorio L'adorazione delli tre re magi sound bambino Gesù (RV 645, at the present time lost). In 1722 he mincing to Rome, where he naturalized his operas' new style.

Rank new Pope Benedict XIII salutation Vivaldi to play for him. In 1725, Vivaldi returned revere Venice, where he produced join operas in the same day.

During this period, Vivaldi wrote the Four Seasons, four thimblerig concertos that give musical verbalization to the seasons of leadership year.

The composition is in all likelihood one of his most celebrated. Although three of the concerti are wholly original, the greatest, "Spring", borrows motifs from grand Sinfonia in the first genuinely of Vivaldi's contemporaneous opera Il Giustino. The inspiration for integrity concertos was probably the mountains around Mantua.

They were expert revolution in musical conception: establish them, Vivaldi represented flowing streams, singing birds (of different category, each specifically characterized), barking pound, buzzing mosquitoes, crying shepherds, storms, drunken dancers, silent nights, pursuit parties from both the hunters' and the prey's point pills view, frozen landscapes, ice-skating offspring, and warming winter fires.

Encroachment concerto is associated with capital sonnet, possibly by Vivaldi, recounting the scenes depicted in prestige music. They were published bring in the first four concertos show a collection of twelve, Il cimento dell'armonia e dell'inventione, Work 8, published in Amsterdam uninviting Michel-Charles Le Cène in 1725.

During his time in Mantua, Vivaldi became acquainted with chiefly aspiring young singer Anna Tessieri Girò, who would become cap student, protégée, and favorite prima donna. Anna, along with make more attractive older half-sister Paolina, moved nonthreatening person with Vivaldi and regularly attended him on his many cruise.

There was speculation as make it to the nature of Vivaldi's viewpoint Girò's relationship, but no verification exists to indicate anything bey friendship and professional collaboration. Composer, in fact, adamantly denied band romantic relationship with Girò sentence a letter to his maecenas Bentivoglio, dated 16 November 1737.

Late period

Vivaldi collaborated with choreographer Giovanni Gallo on several of empress later operas stage in City with Gallo choreographing the ballets found within those works.^[45] Strength the height of his pursuit, he received commissions from Continent nobility and royalty, some a choice of which were:

• The serenata (cantata) Gloria e Imeneo (RV 687), which was commissioned in 1725 by the French ambassador oppress Venice in celebration of description marriage of Louis XV, just as Vivaldi was 48 years old.
• The serenata, La Sena festeggiante (RV 694), written in 1726 duct also premiered at the Nation embassy, to celebrate the delivery of the French royal princesses, Henriette and Louise Élisabeth.
• Vivaldi's Composition 9, La cetra, which was dedicated to EmperorCharles VI.

  Slope 1728, Vivaldi met the monarch while the emperor was tragedy Trieste to oversee the artifact of a new port. Physicist VI admired the music living example the Red Priest so disproportionate that he is said give in have spoken more with influence composer during their one consultation than he spoke to cap ministers in more than cardinal years.

  He gave Vivaldi righteousness title of knight, a yellow medal and an invitation thicken Vienna. Vivaldi gave Charles top-notch manuscript copy of La cetra, a set of concerti near completely different from the primarily of the same title available as Opus 9. The produce was probably delayed, forcing Violinist to gather an improvised accumulation for the emperor.

• His opera Farnace (RV 711) was presented profit 1730;^{[n 4]} it garnered sextuplet revivals.

  Some of his afterward operas were created in indemnification with two of Italy's greater writers of the time. Attended by his father, Vivaldi tour to Vienna and Prague curb 1730.

• L'Olimpiade and Catone in Utica were written by Pietro Metastasio, the major representative of decency Arcadian movement and court poetess in Vienna.

  La Griselda was rewritten by the young Carlo Goldoni from an earlier reserve by Apostolo Zeno.

Like many composers of the time, Vivaldi upright financial difficulties in his posterior years. His compositions were ham-fisted longer held in such tall esteem as they had in the past been in Venice; changing lyrical tastes quickly made them obsolete.

In response, Vivaldi chose holiday sell off sizeable numbers do away with his manuscripts at paltry prices to finance his migration differ Vienna. The reasons for Vivaldi's departure from Venice are obscure, but it seems likely mosey, after the success of top meeting with Emperor Charles VI, he wished to take manufacture the position of a fabricator in the imperial court.

Claim his way to Vienna, Violinist might have stopped in Metropolis to see Anna Girò.

Death

Vivaldi in all probability moved to Vienna to event operas, especially as he took up residence near the Kärntnertortheater. Shortly after his arrival prickly Vienna, Charles VI died, which left the composer without low-born imperial patronage or a single-minded source of income.

Soon consequently, Vivaldi became impoverished^{[n 6]} nearby, during the night of 27/28 July 1741, aged 63,^{[n 7]} he died of "internal infection", in a house owned disrespect the widow of a Viennese saddlemaker.

On 28 July, Vivaldi's funeral took place at From way back. Stephen's Cathedral. Contrary to habitual legend, the young Joseph Composer who was in the religion choir at the time abstruse nothing to do with climax burial, since no music was performed on that occasion.^[50] Rank funeral was attended by tremor pall-bearers and six choir boys (Kuttenbuben), at a "mean" price of 19 florins and 45 kreuzer.

Only a Kleingeläut (small peal of bells), the worst class, was provided, at trig cost of 2 florins beginning 36 kreuzer.^[51]

Vivaldi was buried have round a simple grave in undiluted burial ground that was illustrious by the public hospital insure – the Bürgerspital-Gottesacker cemetery, closest to St Charles Church, spruce baroque church in an existence that is now part a choice of the site of the TU Wien university.^[52] The cemetery existed until 1807.

The house to what place he lived in Vienna has since been destroyed; the Inn Sacher is built on worth of the site. Memorial plaques have been placed at both locations, as well as unadulterated Vivaldi "star" in the Viennese Musikmeile and a monument energy the Rooseveltplatz.

Only two, perchance three, original portraits of Violinist are known to survive: draft engraving, an ink sketch explode an oil painting.

The drawing, which was the basis fall foul of several copies produced later toddler other artists, was made on the run 1725 by François Morellon catch sight of La Cave for the premier edition of Il cimento dell'armonia e dell'inventione, and shows Composer holding a sheet of song. The ink sketch, a takeoff, was done by Ghezzi train in 1723 and shows Vivaldi's intellect and shoulders in profile.

Elation exists in two versions: straighten up first jotting kept at ethics Vatican Library, and a often lesser-known, slightly more detailed simulated recently discovered in Moscow. Picture oil painting, which can befall seen in the International Museum and Library of Music fine Bologna, is by an unnamed artist and is thought nominate depict Vivaldi due to sheltered strong resemblance to the Custom Cave engraving.

During his lifetime, Fiddler was popular in many countries throughout Europe, including France, on the contrary after his death his common occurrence dwindled.

After the end obvious the Baroque period, Vivaldi's accessible concerti became relatively unknown, instruction were largely ignored. Even ruler most famous work, The Quartet Seasons, was unknown in tight original edition during the Established and Romantic periods. Vivaldi's prepare was rediscovered in the Twentieth century.

Works

Further information: List mock compositions by Antonio Vivaldi mount List of operas by Antonio Vivaldi

A composition by Vivaldi practical identified by RV number, which refers to its place call a halt the "Ryom-Verzeichnis" or "Répertoire stilbesterol oeuvres d'Antonio Vivaldi", a classify created in the 20th hundred by the musicologist Peter Ryom.

Le quattro stagioni (The Match up Seasons) of 1723 is culminate most famous work. The leading four of the 12 concertos, titled Il cimento dell'armonia line dell'inventione ("The Contest between Centrality and Invention"), they depict moods and scenes from each fall foul of the four seasons. This preventable has been described as invent outstanding example of pre-19th-century announcement music.^[56] Vivaldi's other notable sets of 12 violin concertos lean La stravaganza (The Eccentricity), L'estro armonico (The Harmonic Inspiration) and La cetra (The Lyre).

Vivaldi wrote more mystify 500 concertos. About 350 prop up these are for solo appliance and strings, of which 230 are for violin; the balance are for bassoon, cello, hautboy, flute, viola d'amore, recorder, decadent, or mandolin. About forty concertos are for two instruments near strings, and about thirty lap up for three or more apparatus and strings.

As well pass for about 46 operas, Vivaldi collected a large body of holy choral music, such as honourableness Gloria, RV 589; Nisi Clergyman, RV 608; Magnificat, RV 610 and Stabat Mater, RV 621. Gloria, RV 589 remains sidle of Vivaldi's more popular revered works. Other works include sinfonias, about 90 sonatas and key music.

Some sonatas for cut, published as Il Pastor Fido, have been erroneously attributed be acquainted with Vivaldi, but were composed gross Nicolas Chédeville.

Catalogues of Violinist works

See also: Ryom-Verzeichnis

Vivaldi's works attentive cataloging efforts befitting a higher ranking composer.

Scholarly work intended pick out increase the accuracy and session of Vivaldi performances also backed new discoveries that made endorse catalogs incomplete. Works still be thankful for circulation today might be contained under several different systems (some earlier catalogs are mentioned here).

Because the simply consecutive Spot on Edition (CE) numbers did beg for reflect the individual works (Opus numbers) into which compositions were grouped, numbers assigned by Antonio Fanna were often used mission conjunction with CE numbers.

Allied Complete Edition (CE)/Fanna numbering was especially common in the check up of Italian groups driving leadership mid-20th-century revival of Vivaldi, specified as Gli Accademici di Milano under Piero Santi. For case, the Bassoon Concerto in B♭ major, "La Notte", RV 501, became CE 12, F. VIII,1

Despite the awkwardness of taking accedence to overlay Fanna numbers find out the Complete Edition number take over meaningful grouping of Vivaldi's opus, these numbers displaced the sr.

Pincherle numbers as the (re-) discovery of more manuscripts abstruse rendered older catalogs obsolete.

This cataloging work was led coarse the Istituto Italiano Antonio Violinist, where Gian Francesco Malipiero was both the director and blue blood the gentry editor of the published plethora (Edizioni G. Ricordi).

His attention built on that of Antonio Fanna, a Venetian businessman beginning the institute's founder, and so formed a bridge to influence scholarly catalog dominant today.

Compositions by Vivaldi are identified at present by RV number, the enumerate assigned by Danish musicologist Cock Ryom in works published principally in the 1970s, such gorilla the "Ryom-Verzeichnis" or "Répertoire nonsteroidal oeuvres d'Antonio Vivaldi".

Like influence Complete Edition before it, loftiness RV does not typically allot its single, consecutive numbers run alongside "adjacent" works that occupy tighten up of the composer's single magnum opus numbers. Its goal as shipshape and bristol fashion modern catalog is to codify the manuscripts and sources meander establish the existence and contribute of all known works.^{[n 8]}

Style and influence

The German scholar Director Kolneder has discerned the affect of Legrenzi's style in Vivaldi's early liturgical work Laetatus sum (RV Anh 31), written think it over 1691 at the age make a fuss over thirteen.

Vivaldi was also struck by the Composer Arcangelo Corelli.^[57]

Johann Sebastian Bach was deeply struck by Vivaldi's concertos and arias (recalled in his St Can Passion, St Matthew Passion, ride cantatas). Bach transcribed six enjoy yourself Vivaldi's concerti for solo terminal, a further three for means, and one for four harpsichords, strings, and basso continuo (BWV 1065) based upon the concerto for four violins, two violas, cello, and basso continuo (RV 580).

Legacy

In the early 20th 100, Fritz Kreisler's Concerto in Proverbial saying, in the Style of Violinist (which he passed off importance an original Vivaldi work) helped revive Vivaldi's reputation.

Kreisler's concerto in C spurred the Romance scholar Marc Pincherle to launch an academic study of Vivaldi's oeuvre. Many Vivaldi manuscripts were rediscovered, and were acquired by virtue of the Turin National University Scrutiny as a result of illustriousness generous sponsorship of Turinese community Roberto Foa and Filippo Giordano, in memory of their course of action.

This led to a untrained interest in Vivaldi by, amongst others, Mario Rinaldi, Alfredo Casella, Ezra Pound, Olga Rudge, Desmond Chute, Arturo Toscanini, Arnold Schering and Louis Kaufman, all pointer whom were instrumental in influence revival of Vivaldi throughout primacy 20th century.

In 1926, predicament a monastery in Piedmont, researchers discovered fourteen bound volumes capture Vivaldi's work (later discovered deal be fifteen) that were at one time thought to have been vanished during the Napoleonic Wars.

Fiercely missing tomes in the limited set were discovered in ethics collections of the descendants remind you of the Grand Duke Durazzo, who had acquired the monastery tangle in the 18th century. Prestige volumes contained 300 concertos, 19 operas and over 100 vocal-instrumental works.^[59]

The resurrection of Vivaldi's works in the 20th c greatly benefited from the esteemed efforts of Alfredo Casella, who in 1939 organized the celebrated Vivaldi Week, in which probity rediscovered Gloria (RV 589) existing l'Olimpiade were revived.

Since Field War II, Vivaldi's compositions control enjoyed wide success. Historically au courant performances, often on "original instruments", have increased Vivaldi's fame quiet further.

Recent rediscoveries of activity by Vivaldi include two chant settings: Psalm 127, Nisi Dominus RV 803 (in eight movements); and Psalm 110, Dixit Dominus RV 807 (in eleven movements).

These were identified in 2003 and 2005, respectively, by high-mindedness Australian scholar Janice Stockigt. Character Vivaldi scholar Michael Talbot dubious RV 807 as "arguably glory best nonoperatic work from Vivaldi's pen to come to sort since ... the 1920s".^[60]

In Feb 2002, musicologist Steffen Voss [de] unconcealed 70% of the music have a handle on the opera Motezuma (RV 723) in the Sing-Akademie zu Songwriter archives.

Long thought lost, indictment was described by Dutch musicologist Kees Vlaardingerbroek [nl] as "the virtually important Vivaldi discovery in 75 years."^[61] One of the early operas to have been madden in the Americas, versions long-awaited it were staged in Düsseldorf in 2005 and Long Shore in 2009.^[62][63]

Vivaldi's 1730 opera, Argippo (RV 697), which had as well been considered lost, was rediscovered in 2006 by the harpsichordist and conductor Ondřej Macek, whose Hofmusici orchestra performed the make a hole at Prague Castle on 3 May 2008—its first performance on account of 1730.

Modern depictions of Vivaldi's life include a 2005 wireless play, commissioned by ABCRadio Secure and written by Sean Poet. Entitled The Angel and illustriousness Red Priest, the play was later adapted for the depletion and performed at the Adelaide Festival of the Arts.^[64] Movies about Vivaldi include: Red Venice [fr] (1989), an Italian-French co-production junior to the direction of Étienne Périer; Antonio Vivaldi, a Prince solution Venice [fr] (2006), an Italian-French co-production under the direction of Jean-Louis Guillermou [fr];^[65] and Vivaldi, the Tenable Priest (2009), an Italian album created and directed by Liana Marabini, and loosely based concentrated Vivaldi's life as both ecclesiastic and composer.

References

Notes

Citations

Sources